全球LNG贸易创历史新高 美国墨西哥湾沿岸成热点供应地区

据OGJ 4月2日休斯顿报道， 根据国际天然气联盟(IGU) 2019年世界LNG报告，全球LNG贸易量连续第5年创下纪录，达到3.166亿吨。这比2017年增加了2820万吨(9.8%)，是仅次于2010年和2017年的第三大年度增幅。

非长期贸易超过9900万吨，较2017年增加1450万吨，占2018年LNG贸易总额的31%。由于LNG供需弹性不断增强，非长期市场已连续第二年大幅扩张。LNG供应的增加来自新液化厂产量的提高。

最大的LNG出口增长发生在澳大利亚(增加了1220万吨)，这是由于新产能的投入使用和现有工厂更高的利用率。美国和俄罗斯也对LNG供应做出了重要贡献，两国新建和现有的LNG供应量分别增加了820万吨和780万吨。亚太地区仍然是主要的LNG出口地区，占总出口的38.4%(1.216亿吨)，与2016年以来在全球出口中所占份额保持一致。

2018年需求的增长对全球LNG贸易的增长也起到了关键作用。去年孟加拉国和巴拿马作为两个最新进口市场的增加使总数达到37个。亚洲仍是国际LNG需求增长的推动力。2018年，中国和韩国重新成为LNG进口需求的主要来源，分别增长1580万吨和640万吨。这两个国家加起来占到净贸易增长的近80%。

孔丽炜    摘译自   OGJ

原文如下：

Global LNG trade sets record; US Gulf Coast to lead future supply

Global LNG trade occurred at record volumes for the fifth consecutive year, reaching 316.6 million tonnes, according to the International Gas Union’s (IGU) 2019 World LNG Report. This marks an increase of 28.2 million tonnes (9.8%), from 2017, the third-largest annual increase ever behind only 2010 and 2017.

More than 99 million tonnes occurred as non-long-term trade, a 14.5 million-tonne increase from 2017 and 31% of total 2018 LNG trade. This is the second year in a row in which the non-long-term market substantially expanded due to growing LNG supply and demand elasticity. Increases in LNG supply came from higher production at new liquefaction plants.

The single greatest increase in LNG exports occurred in Australia (up 12.2 million tonnes), owing to new trains coming onstream and higher utilization at existing plants. Other significant contributors to LNG supply were the US and Russia, which added 8.2 million and 7.8 million tonnes respectively, across new and existing trains. The Asia-Pacific region continues to be the leading LNG-exporting region, supplying 38.4% of total exports (121.6 million tonnes), consistent with its share of global exports since 2016.

Increasing demand in 2018 also played a key role in growing global LNG trade. The additions of Bangladesh and Panama as the two newest importing markets in the last year brought the total number to 37. Asia remained the driver of international LNG demand growth. China and South Korea returned as the key sources of LNG import demand in 2018, with growth of 15.8 million and 6.4 million tonnes, respectively. Together, the two countries accounted for nearly 80% of net trade’s increase.